You have been humiliated countless times, your sources have been exposed as fraudulent yet you continue to post your mindless nonsense. Get a life you fool. Remember when you claimed that the arctic was frozen over and I quickly pointed out that there was a luxury cruise liner circumnavigating it?Originally Posted by pulvarien
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Last edited by bsnub; 27-11-2016 at 01:40 AM.
Passengers simmered in Jacuzzis and feasted on gourmet cuisine this summer as the 850-foot cruise ship Crystal Serenity moved through the Northwest Passage.
But in the summer of 1778, when Capt. James Cook tried to find a Western entrance to the route, his men toiled on frost-slicked decks and complained about having to supplement dwindling rations with walrus meat.
The British expedition was halted north of the Bering Strait by "ice which was as compact as a wall and seemed to be 10 or 12 feet high at least," according to the captain's journal. Cook's ships followed the ice edge all the way to Siberia in their futile search for an opening, sometimes guided through fog by the braying of the unpalatable creatures the crew called Sea Horses.
More than two centuries later, scientists are mining meticulous records kept by Cook and his crew for a new perspective on the warming that has opened the Arctic in a way the 18th century explorer could never have imagined.
Working with maps and logs from Cook's voyage and other historical records and satellite imagery, University of Washington mathematician Harry Stern has tracked changes in ice cover in the Chukchi Sea, between Alaska and Russia, over nearly 240 years.
The results, published this month in the journal Polar Geography, confirm the significant shrinkage of the summer ice cap and shed new light on the timing of the transformation. The analysis also extends the historical picture back nearly 75 years, building on previous work with ships' records from the 1850s.
"This old data helps us look at what conditions were like before we started global warming, and what the natural variability was," said Jim Overland, a Seattle-based oceanographer for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration who was not involved in Stern's project.
Though earlier explorers ventured into the frigid waters off Alaska, Cook was the first to map the ice edge, Stern said. Cook undertook the voyage, which also covered the Northwest coast, on orders from King George III to seek a shorter trading route between Europe and the Far East across the top of the world.
Stymied by the ice, Cook headed for the winter to Hawaii, where he was killed by native people.
Stern's analysis found that for more than 200 years after Cook's visit the summer ice cover in the Chukchi Sea fluctuated, but generally extended south to near where Cook encountered it.
"Basically, from the time of Cook until the 1990s, you more or less could count on hitting the ice somewhere around 70 degrees north in August," Stern said. "Now the ice edge is hundreds of miles farther north."
That meshes with modern observations that confirm rapid shrinkage of the Arctic ice pack over the past three decades, Overland said. The total volume of ice in summer is now 60 to 70 percent lower than it was in the 1980s, while Arctic temperatures have increased at twice the rate of the rest of the planet as a result of rising greenhouse-gas levels.
"That's probably the largest indicator that global warming is a real phenomenon," Overland said.
With more melting in the summer and delayed freezing in the fall, the once-elusive Northwest Passage is now navigable for private yachts and vessels like the Crystal Serenity, which made the 7,300-mile trip from Alaska to New York in 32 days. The transformation has also triggered a rush to drill for oil in previously ice-choked watersm and an international power struggle over control of the route and resources.
The tensions are similar to those in Cook's day, Stern pointed out. Nations then were eager to find and claim a Northwest Passage, while whalers and fur traders scrambled to exploit the newly opened frontier.
But the data from Cook and other explorers show there were no similar warm periods in their times, said UW climatologist Kevin Wood. "It tells you that what's happening now is a fairly unique and extreme case."
Wood helps run a project called Old Weather, which relies on citizen scientists to transcribe and digitize old ship's logs. Since the effort began five years ago, thousands of volunteers have processed 1 million handwritten pages from whalers, fishing vessels and U.S. revenue cutters.
The data are being used to re-create past weather patterns and improve climate models.
Historical ice measurements are especially valuable, Wood said, because existing models don't seem to do a good job of forecasting ice cover.
While models predict the Arctic won't be ice-free in summer until 2050 or later, the current pace of change suggests it will happen much sooner.
Cook's ice observations are also of interest to historians.
David Nicandri, former director of the Washington State Historical Society, is finishing a book in which he argues that Cook - who is usually associated with Hawaii and Tahiti - was the original polar scientist.
Cook also explored southern polar waters, searching for a rumored continent. Though he never found Antarctica, the experience led Cook to question the conventional wisdom of the time that held that oceans couldn't freeze and that sea ice originated in rivers.
"Cook never fully got it right, but he realized there was too much ice to have flowed out of any set of rivers," said Nicandri, who was also co-editor of a series of essays entitled "Arctic Ambitions: Captain Cook and the Northwest Passage" where some of Stern's analysis was originally published.
Cook also described different types of sea ice and suggested that thick walls and ridges, like those he saw in the Arctic, must represent multiple years of accumulation.
"He's never given credit for his pioneering work in polar climatology," Nicandri said.
Read more at: Captain Cook's detailed 1778 records confirm global warming today in the Arctic
Had to scrape a load of global warming off my car this morning, -3 forcast night so I guess more global warming to scrape off the windscreen tomorrow.
Tokyo gets snow in November in the first time in 54 years
Tokyo is experiencing crazy snow in November for the first time since 1962 - ScienceAlert
After scientifically examining the snow, climate change experts have declared it the warmest snow on record.
I'm still trying to figure this out so basically nothing has changed or is going to change in the UK then, bit weird all these scientists screaming all there scare stories for the last 30 years then. So basically this whole thread is just a case of 'nothing to see here then' just as I suspected.
On a side note no global warming on my car this morning much to my delight.
I'm sorry you're so ill informed on the subject.
Perhaps if you grab a cuppa and take some time out to do a bit of reading.
The links are all at the page I linked at the bottom.
It would be nice to have some scrutiny of scientific evidence though. "There's fucking snow on my car" is not really the basis for an informed discussion, but more like the drivel pulvarien keeps posting.
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/climate-change-explainedOverwhelming amounts of scientific evidence show that the planet is warming and that human activity is the main contributor to this warming.
Many leading national scientific organisations have published statements confirming the need to take action to prevent potentially dangerous climate change. These include:
the G8+5 National Science Academies’ Joint National Statement which represents the UK, along with Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Russia and the United States
the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) statement
The Royal Society and US National Academy of Sciences have produced an authoritative and accessible report on Climate Change Evidence and Causes which provides answers to many common questions
You can find out more about the scientific evidence on climate change from:
The Met Office Hadley Centre
Frequently Asked Questions from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
The UK Geological Society
buriramboy is a climate change denier..? comedy gold![]()
November satellite information on the lower tropospheric temperature (not land/ocean)
From the website of the science denier Roy Spencer,……
November Temperature Up a Little from October; 2016 Almost Certain to be Warmest in 38 Year Satellite Record
The Version 6.0 global average lower tropospheric temperature (LT) anomaly for November 2016 is +0.45 deg. C, up a little from the October value of +0.41 deg. C
To see how we are now progressing toward a record warm year in the satellite data, the following chart shows the average rate of cooling for the rest of 2016 that would be required to tie 1998 as warmest year in the 38-year satellite record:
Based upon this chart, it now seems virtually impossible for 2016 to not be a record warm year in the UAH dataset.
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From the RSS site (full data/satellite graph showing increase temperature in troposphere – November 2016 not included)
And no 2016 will not be the hottest year to date just because of El Nino.
El Nino years,……..keep increasing - La Nina years,…….keep increasing - Neutral years,…….steadily increasing
Arctic and Antarctic sea ice,……
1st - Arctic
In October 2016, Arctic sea ice extent averaged 6.40 million square kilometers (2.5 million square miles), the lowest October in the satellite record. This is 400,000 square kilometers (154,400 square miles) lower than October 2007, the second lowest October extent, and 690,000 square kilometers (266,400 square miles) lower than October 2012, the third lowest.
October 2016 compared to previous years
2nd – Antarctic
After a reaching its maximum extent unusually early and then following a period of relatively unchanging overall extent, Antarctic sea ice extent started to decline in earnest. Daily sea ice extent levels have been at second lowest in the satellite record since October 20 and below the two standard deviation range. Only the 1986 austral spring extent is lower.
West Antarctic ice shelf breaking up from the inside out
A key glacier in Antarctica is breaking apart from the inside out, suggesting that the ocean is weakening ice on the edges of the continent.
The Pine Island Glacier, part of the ice shelf that bounds the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, is one of two glaciers that researchers believe are most likely to undergo rapid retreat, bringing more ice from the interior of the ice sheet to the ocean, where its melting would flood coastlines around the world.
"Rifts usually form at the margins of an ice shelf, where the ice is thin and subject to shearing that rips it apart," he explained. "However, this latest event in the Pine Island Glacier was due to a rift that originated from the center of the ice shelf and propagated out to the margins. This implies that something weakened the center of the ice shelf, with the most likely explanation being a crevasse melted out at the bedrock level by a warming ocean."
Studies have suggested that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is particularly unstable, and could collapse within the next 100 years. The collapse would lead to a sea-level rise of nearly 10 feet, which would engulf major U.S. cities such as New York and Miami and displace 150 million people living on coasts worldwide.
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property owners (investors) - a warning to some. Those who live in a low lying coastal areas (a delta) or are thinking about buying (I've said it before, rent don't buy. It is a risky long term investment.),……
Homeowners are slowly growing wary of buying property in the areas most at risk, setting up a potential economic time bomb in an industry that is struggling to adapt.
Rising sea levels are changing the way people think about waterfront real estate. Though demand remains strong and developers continue to build near the water in many coastal cities, homeowners across the nation are slowly growing wary of buying property in areas most vulnerable to the effects of climate change.
Roy and Carol Baker, who now live in Sarasota, Fla., recalled trying for several months to sell their home in nearby Siesta Key in 2014. Interested buyers kept backing out of the purchase when they found out that the annual flood insurance premium was roughly $7,000, they said.
This experience will become more common, economists say, as the federal government shifts away from subsidizing flood insurance rates to get premiums closer to reflecting the true market cost of the risk.
It’s settled as before,…… “Denial will never be completely dead.,…..There’s still people who think the moon landing was a hoax.”
There is a denial industry that is quite persuasive that the simpletons follow faithfully.
While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of the climate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon and Philip Morris have been felt all over the world. I have seen their arguments endlessly repeated in Australia, Canada, India, Russia and the UK. By dominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years in which urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seeding doubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justified the money their sponsors have spent on them many times over. It is fair to say that the professional denial industry has delayed effective global action on climate change by years, just as it helped to delay action against the tobacco companies.
Keep your friends close and your enemies closer.
Funny I just read that noaa has warned that starting next week temps in the us of a will be as much as 36 degrees below normal and last weeks, breaking all records! How is this possible if the above is true? Where does this cold come from if the arctic is so warm?
And the good news is we only have to wait 10 days or so to see if it really is going to happen.
The moron in chief hairyminnow himself, likes to say if record cold comes to the us of a for weeks on end after 31 years of relentless global warming its just weather! That after 31 years of crisis global warming its supposed to get colder, colder is proof its getting warmer! While a few days of warm weather in the arctic is proof of global warming. For him a few days of warming is proof but when it then plunges for weeks on end its just weather. I guess I'm just not as smart as him, or as corrupt.
I must be a total idiot not to see what he sees. But there are things ive read that create questions in my mind. Ill share a couple with you. If you go to Vatican records you will find that around the year 1000 there were over 10,000 Vikings living in Greenland that they had farms, there are ruins of barns with the capacity for over 100 cattle, ruins means multiple not 1. If you compare the climate now with then its not even close to being as warm, Greenland sure doesn't have farms now. And the Vatican sure doesn't think Greenland now is so important to give them their own bishop like they did then. Another point is a retreating glacier in Italy about 10 years ago revealed a stone bridge of the roman era. Now the romans didn't build stone bridges under glaciers did they? Or even near glaciers did they? So obviously 2000 years ago it was much warmer. And all of that warmer was aux natural. But these aberations were obviously falsified bye evil deniers in Vatican records and oil companies contracting out the building of stone bridges in the roman style under glaciers.
But I'm the idiot and moron not hairyminnow!
'nuff said.Originally Posted by pulvarien
I'm 62 and I cannot recall a single British winter that passed without a frost. You are quite foolish.Originally Posted by RPETER65
Originally Posted by RPETER65
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