Susan Crockford
Credentials
Background
Susan Crockford runs the website “Polar Bear Science” where she describes herself as a “zoologist with more than 35 years experience, including published work on the Holocene history of Arctic animals.” She also runs the private consulting company,
Pacific Identifications Inc.
[2]
“Polar bear evolution is one of my professional interests,” Crockford writes at Polar Bear Science. While she does not study them in the field, she claims she is a “different kind of polar bear expert” and that “having a different background means I know things they do not and this makes my contribution valuable and valid.”
[2]
Crockford, who has also said that
“‘polar bear expert’ describes me just as well as ‘dog evolution expert,’” has
not published in any peer-reviewed journals on polar bears. Crockford consistently claims that her work shows polar bears are not being endangered by global warming. A search of Google Scholar returns a number of articles related to early dog domestication. However, Crockford has prolifically posted polar bear articles on her own blog and in regular reports at the
Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF), which are often echoed by an extensive network of climate change denial blogs, conservative news sources like
Breitbart, and climate change denial think tanks and organizations.
[3],
[4]
Crockford has
claimed her GWPF reports are peer reviewed. However, an undercover
Greenpeace investigation cast doubt on the validity of the GWPF's internal review process, noting that only the group's internal advisory council generally reviewed documents, rather than the genuine, rigorous and often anonymized peer review of a traditional scientific journal.
[10]
In 2012, a confidential document leak, dubbed
Denialgate, revealed that Crockford had also been
receiving payments of $750 per month from the notorious climate change denial think tank, the
Heartland Institute, to work on their
NIPCC (Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change) project. Crockford has also spoken at the Heartland Institute's International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC). Crockford refused to discuss the payments when contacted by a University of Victoria student newspaper.
[5],
[35]
Crockford regularly produces studies for the
Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF), a think tank based in the UK run by
Nigel Lawson with the purpose of combating what the foundation
describes as “extremely damaging and harmful policies” designed to mitigate climate change.
[6]
In November 2017, a
study in the journal BioScience of discussions about polar bears on climate science denial blogs found that Crockford's website was cited in about 80 percent of all the posts analyzed.
“Zero Authority” on Polar Bear Science
Ian Stirling, who has spent more than four decades studying polar bears and publishing over 150 papers and five books on the topic, says Crockford has “zero” authority on the subject.
[2],
[7]
“If you tell a lie big enough, often enough, people will begin to believe it,” said Ian Stirling. “The denier websites have been using her and building her up as an expert.”
[7]
Sterling co-authored a 2017 paper in the journal
BioScience looking at a tactic used by climate change denial blogs to attack the symbols of climate change, rather than the science behind it.
Motherboard reported that the study also found that, by examining 45 blogs that deny or question climate science, 80
percent of those blogs referenced a single site with reference to polar bears: that of Susan Crockford.
[8]
“Because this evidence is so overwhelming, it would be virtually impossible to debunk; the main strategy of denier blogs is therefore to focus on topics that are showy and in which it is therefore easy to generate public interest,” the authors wrote.
[8]
“Proponents of creationism and intelligent design use the same strategy: Instead of providing scientific evidence in favor of their opinions, they instead focus selectively on certain lines of evidence for evolution and attempt to cast doubt on them.”
[8]
Crockford
responded by sending a letter to the editors of Bioscience “requesting retraction of the shoddy and malicious paper by Harvey et al.”
[9]
GWPF “Peer Review” Process
While Crockford has
claimed to have published “peer-reviewed” studies at GWPF, the group's unofficial peer review process differs from that of major academic journals. As revealed by an undercover
Greenpeace investigation, articles would be submitted inside the GWPF's Advisory Council and other selected scientists reviewing the work, rather than presenting it to an academic journal.
[10],
[11],
[12]
Sense About Science, a UK charitable trust, describes the danger of such a review process (despite having
Matt Ridley, a member of GWPF's Advisory Council, on its own board):
”[S]ometimes organisations or individuals claim to have put their studies through peer review when, on inspection, they have only shown it to some colleagues. Such claims are usually made in the context of a campaign directed at the public or policy makers, as a way of trying to give scientific credibility to certain claims in the hope that a non-scientific audience will not know the difference.”
Stance on Climate Change
March 13, 2013
In a GWPF paper titled
“Ten Good Reasons Not to Worry About Polar Bears,” Crockford makes assertions about polar bear populations and global warming.
[13]
“Global temperatures have not risen in a statistically-significant way in the last 16 years […] which suggests that the record sea ice lows of the last few years are probably not primarily due to CO2 -caused increases in global temperatures,” Crockford wrote, citing a non-scientific GWPF paper and numbers provided by climate change denier
Roy Spencer as evidence.
Key Quotes
March 2017
Beginning
her speech at the
Heartland Institute's Twelfth International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC12), Crockford declared:
[19]
“I am here today to give you an example of the failed science that is used to convince uninformed people that burning fossil fuels has had and will continue to have harmful effects on the planet.”
February 2015
Crockford was quoted by multiple
news sources, including climate change denier
James Delingpole at
Breitbart, and climate change denial blogs
Climate Depot and
Bishop Hill,
Principia Scientific International, Watts Up With That, for a paper she had written in 2015 for the Global Warming Policy Foundation titled
“Twenty good reasons not to worry about polar bears”:
[14],
[15],
[16],
[17], [18]
“On almost every measure, things are looking good for polar bears,” Crockford claimed.