In the 1950s Sayyed Qutb, an Egyptian civil servant turned revolutionary, and Leo Strauss, an American professor of political philosophy, both came to see western liberalism as corrosive to morality and to society. Qutb had been sent to the U.S. to learn about its public education system but was disgusted by what he saw of its society. They each argued that radical measures, including deception and (in Qutb's case) even violence, could be justified in an effort to restore shared moral values to society, and their arguments heavily influenced radical Islamism and American neo-conservatism, respectively. Senior American civil servants and politicians influenced by neo-conservatism came to believe anti-communist propaganda and saw it as an evil force against which the U.S. should be presented as a force for good. This propaganda included Donald Rumsfeld's over-estimation of Soviet military technology and the William Casey-led CIA assertion that various terrorist organisations were backed by the Soviet Union. Meanwhile Qutb became influential in the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and was then jailed after some of its members attempted to assassinate President Nasser.