FOREIGN COUNTRY
Unusual referendum: Venezuela votes yes to annex neighbouring country
In a referendum yesterday, the Venezuelans agreed to annex a large part of neighbouring Guyana.
Voters in the South American country of Venezuela have voted yes in a referendum to annex part of neighboring Guyana by a very large majority.
OF
Jonathan Strid Lundsgaard
Imagine if we in Denmark went to a referendum on whether we should annex Scania, Halland and Blekinge in Sweden.
And at the same time, we convincingly agreed that it was a good idea.
It's probably a scenario that most people find hard to imagine.
Nevertheless, a similar situation has just unfolded in the South American country of Venezuela. Last night Danish time, the Venezuelans voted 'yes' to demanding sovereignty over part of the small neighboring country of Guyana.
The small South American country of Guyana borders Venezuela. It is the region of Essequibo, marked in red, that Venezuela wants to annex.
Contrary to international law
The area that Venezuela wants to take over is called Essequibo and covers more than two-thirds of Guyana, and it is rich in large oil and mineral reserves.
However, Guyana is far from agreeing with Venezuela. This was expressed last Friday, when Guyana's president, Irfaan Ali, hailed the ruling of the International Court of Justice in The Hague, which ruled that a possible annexation would be clearly illegal.
"As the court has made clear, Venezuela is prohibited from annexing or entering Guyanese territory or taking any other action, regardless of the outcome of the referendum on December 3," Irfaan Ali said in a statement.
It remains unclear how Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro will enforce the results of the vote, but it was a visibly excited president who spoke in the capital Caracas after the results were announced.
"It has been a total success for our country, for our democracy," Maduro told supporters.
Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro greets his supporters before delivering his victory speech after the National Electoral Council announced the results of the referendum.
Old disagreements
Both Venezuela and Guyana believe that the Essequibo region belongs to their country, says Kristian Almblad, DR's South America correspondent.
- Guyana relates to an agreement made in 1899, when they were a British colony. Venezuela believes that a new agreement was later made with Britain that repealed the old one in connection with Guyana's independence, Almblad said.
Although a possible annexation will probably require an armed conflict, it is far from outright war, Almblad said.
"I think it's a very long way from Venezuela going in with military force in Guyana. We have seen Brazil in the last month move troops up in the region. To imagine a military conflict in South America seems very far away, but on the other hand, it is strange to hold a referendum if you do not have a plan to get the region back, Almblad said.
A woman casts her vote in an election simulation before the Dec. 3 referendum on Venezuela's rights to parts of neighboring Guyana.
Suspiciously high support
Only about half of Venezuela's 20.7 million eligible voters took part in this weekend's vote.
But according to Venezuela's electoral authorities, there was convincing agreement, with 95 percent of voters voting "yes" to Venezuela's territorial claim to two-thirds of its oil-rich neighbor.
It is "a clear and overwhelming victory for the yes side in this referendum", said the chairman of the National Electoral Council, Elvis Amoroso.
But the result does not mean extensive support among the population, Kristian Almblad points out.
"Elections in Venezuela are not always 100 percent transparent. Only half of those who were able to vote voted. Presumably, those who voted are supporters of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, who wanted the support of the people, he said.
The opposition in Venezuela has boycotted several elections, claiming that they have been manipulated. Throughout the country's history, there are examples of several opposition politicians who have been punished with imprisonment or fled into exile. The authorities generally crack down on political dissent.