Not my fault. I tried to educate you, but you can toke a horse to water but you cant make it drink
From NASA's website.
"Regolith is loose, unconsolidated rock, mineral and glass fragments in the soil. "
Regolith Formation | NASA
You read, but you cannot understand. Takeovers tried to tell you above also.
Soil is organic. You need dead organisms to form soil. You know, life! plus the regolith make soil.
Regolith is the loose rocks and other material without the organics!
eg: Mince is not spaghetti, flour is not bread, tomato paste is not pizza.
Give it up , nothing wrong with being wrong.
"Soil is a material composed of five ingredients — minerals, soil organic matter, living organisms, gas, and water. "
What Are Soils? | Learn Science at Scitable
First of all, I never said that Regolith was soil!!
This is what I said:
" "Martian regolith has toxic levels of perchlorates and would make a very poor soil for plants seems to rule out dirt farming. ""
Make is the operative word here.
So what is soil MADE of?
as I said above: "minerals, soil organic matter, living organisms, gas, and water."
So If "perchlorates " are in the regolith , and regolith is in the soil, then if follows that perchlorates are in the soil.
Where did you buy you Doctorate at the morning farmers market?
I have you know that I got mine from a very reputable guy who also gave me a very good deal on a Rolex watch.
The sooner you fall behind, the more time you have to catch up.
Still wrong. Removing perchlorate is not hard. Numerous tests have been done with Mars regolith equivalents to show how to transform them into soil. As I mentioned before, plants can grow in regolith, given mineral fertilizers. That way the regolith becomes soil.
Not Me!! Wikipedia. I have never been to Mars.
And not only not conducive to agriculture but dangerous to humans.
The levels detected in the Martian soil are around 0.5%, which is a level considered toxic to humans. These compounds are also toxic to plants. "
So don't correct me, go corect Wikipedia.
Can they be removed from a section of land to make it suitable for agriculture?
Sure!!
Can it be removed from the whole of Mars to remove the danger to humans?
Probably not.
I can't help thinking hydroponics is the way to go, initially.
Of course not. That would require full terraforming of Mars first, which I don't think feasible. It will be closed pressurized habitats.
I also don't think conventional agriculture will provide the bulk of calories. Those will come from vats, chemical, bacterical processes. Conventional plant growth, in soil or hydroponics, will provide herbs, spices, vegetables.
"don't attribute to malice what can be adequately explained by incompetence"
What sort of timeframe do you give to humans having a fully functioning, self-reliant colony that is pleasurable, and not just bearable for the humans living there, TO?
Around 500 years?
A huge investment
A date set
An impressive erection
launch and then a sudden explosion, but enough of my hobbies
Good luck to Space X all such projects have had set backs
I expect US and NASA just want to try and keep pace
The Chinese might colonize the Moon then Mars before Taiwan
I'm sure Trump and Faux news will resent having to pay 300 baht and get a visa to enter
Assuming self-reliant as in it can survive if contact with Earth is lost?!
Hard to say. Elon Musk mentioned 2050. But that would require a not insignificant part of global wealth every year, which will not happen. My best guess around 80-100 years with annual expense of $10-20 billion. I think it needs to be started with Elon Musk finance. As soon as there is a somewhat stable and growing settlement with some industry working, others will invest. Investment does not need to return any goods to Earth. Profits can be made by dealing with shares on Earth.
^ Which will happen in 400-450 years time?
A big issue, well, one of the big issues is conception and birth. There are some interesting times ahead for those that will be alive to see it.
^ a plate dropper of a comment if ever I saw one.
Go Musky!
Go Musky!
Wanted to comment on this one too. I fully agree that this is a make or break condition. I am optimistic, but it needs proof ASAP.
I expect that they will deploy a Starship with crew in Earth orbit for 6+ months to test out life support. They can easily operate a centrifuge with Mars gravity and grow rats at least. Maybe even cats, their reproduction cycle is short enough to see from conception to birth and some growth.
However nothing can replace humans trying. But for that they really need to be on Mars. I can't imagine a woman getting pregnant, conceive a child and have it grow for a few years on a rotating space station. Some people are getting furious about this and scream, human guinea pig, must be prohibited. I encountered some in discussions. I say, there will be plenty of volunteers and who are those people to deny them that right?
Here is what ChatGPT has to say about the technical and psychological challenges faced by Mars colonists.
(HNZ)
Technical and psychological challenges with Mars colony
As of my knowledge cutoff in 2021, there are several potential problems that could arise with a Mars colony:
Radiation: Mars has a very thin atmosphere that provides little protection against solar radiation and cosmic rays, which can be harmful to human health over long periods of time. To mitigate this, the colony would need to be shielded in some way, such as by building habitats underground or using radiation-blocking materials.
Extreme weather conditions: Mars has a very harsh environment, with temperatures that can range from -195°F (-125°C) at the poles to 70°F (20°C) at the equator, and dust storms that can last for months. This would make it challenging to maintain a sustainable colony, and require the development of specialized equipment and structures to withstand the conditions.
Limited resources: Mars is a barren planet with no readily available sources of food or water. Any colony would need to be self-sufficient and able to produce its own resources, which would require advanced technology and infrastructure. Additionally, any supplies or equipment sent from Earth would be extremely expensive and difficult to transport.
Psychological challenges: Living on a remote and isolated planet for an extended period of time could have psychological impacts on the colonists, such as depression, anxiety, and feelings of isolation. This would require careful consideration of the mental health and well-being of the colonists, as well as measures to maintain communication with Earth and provide social support.
Political and economic challenges: Establishing a Mars colony would require significant investment and cooperation from multiple governments and private organizations. This would likely involve complex negotiations and agreements, as well as the development of new regulations and policies for extraterrestrial activity. There may also be concerns around resource exploitation and potential conflicts over territory and ownership.
Where did I say the removing perchlorate is not hard????
What is hard , or even impossible is removing it from the whole planet. Perchlorates are not only detrimental to farming, but are also toxic to humans.
Perchlorate are in the soil that blows in the wind and collects on everything.
---So no large scale agriculture on Mars to support the numbers required for colonization.
And you all seem to get hung up on the perchlorates. Perchlorate are only one of the things that would make colonization not only dangerous but also impractical, combine that with all the other thing I mentioned earlier ,and I would venture to say that with today's or near futures' technology imposible. At best we can hope for a small research group living in a hole, and every time it leaves this hole it would have wear protective space suit , carry it own breathing air, and decontaminate teir selves and equipment every time they clime back in their hole.
I don't see full terraforming of Mars, ever. There will be closed pressurized habitats. These will not be holes, that's just FUD like most of the "problems". I expect most habitats under ground but also transparent domes with plants, because human psychology needs it, at least occasionally.
It is what you brought up.
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