Vietnam’s Craving For Rhino Horn is Pushing Animal to Brink of Extinction
Hanoi. Nguyen Huong Giang loves to party but loathes hangovers, so she ends her whiskey benders by tossing back shots of rhino horn ground with water on a special ceramic plate.
Her father gave her the 10-centimeter brown horn as a gift, claiming it cures everything from headaches to cancer. Vietnam has become so obsessed with the fingernail-like substance it now sells for more than cocaine.
“I don’t know how much it costs,” said Giang, 24, after showing off the horn in her high-rise apartment overlooking the capital, Hanoi. “I only know that it’s expensive.”
Experts say Vietnam’s surging demand is threatening to wipe out the world’s remaining rhinoceros population, which recovered from the brink of extinction after the 1970s thanks to conservation campaigns. Illegal killings in Africa hit the highest recorded level in 2011 and are expected to worsen this year.
This week South Africa called for renewed cooperation with Vietnam after a “shocking number” of rhinos have already been reported dead this year.
China has long valued rhino horn for its purported, though unproven, medicinal properties, but US officials and international wildlife experts now say Vietnam’s recent intense craving, blamed partly on a widespread rumor that rhino horn cures cancer, is putting unprecedented pressure on the world’s estimated 28,000 remaining animals, mainly in South Africa.
“It’s a very dire situation,” Dan Ashe, director of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, said by telephone. “We have very little cushion for these populations in the wild.”
Although data on the global rhino horn trade is scarce, poaching in Africa has soared in the past two years, with American officials saying China and Vietnam are driving the trade that has no “significant” end market in the United States.
The rhino horn craze offers bigger payoffs than other exotic wildlife products such as bear bile or tiger bone paste.
American officials say the crushed powder fetches up to $55,000 per kilogram in Asia; a price that can top the US street value of cocaine, making the hoof-like substance literally as valuable as gold.
Vietnam wiped out its own last known Javan rhinoceros in 2010, despite the country’s earlier efforts to protect it. The last of the population was found dead in a national park, shot through the leg with its horn hacked off.
Tran Dang Trung, who manages a zoo outside Hanoi that imported four white rhinos from South Africa, said he worried for the animals’ safety even though the zoo has 24-hour security.
“If thieves wanted to kill the animals and steal their valuable parts, they could,” Trung said recently outside the rhinos’ basketball court-sized outdoor pen.
Officially, no more than 60 horns are legally imported into Vietnam as trophies bagged from South African game farms each year, but international wildlife experts have estimated the actual number of trophy horns taken by Vietnamese nationals from South Africa each year may exceed 100.
Earlier this week, the South African government said it was working with the Vietnamese to stop the potential abuse of hunting permits.
Giang, the young Vietnamese woman who regularly uses rhino horn to prevent hangovers, says she’s unfazed by doctors’ assessments of the substance’s efficacy.
Because Giang only takes rhino horn shots once or twice every three months, she estimates that her horn will last another 10 to 15 years. But once her stash is depleted, there may not be any rhinos left on earth to satisfy her craving.
Associated Press
Vietnam?s Craving For Rhino Horn is Pushing Animal to Brink of Extinction | The Jakarta Globe