January 28, 1972
OBITUARY
Mahalia Jackson, Gospel Singer, And a Civil Rights Symbol, Dies
By ALDEN WHITMAN
Mahalia Jackson, who rose from Deep South poverty to world renown as a passionate gospel singer, died of a heart seizure yesterday in Little Company of Mary Hospital in Evergreen Park, Ill., a Chicago suburb. She was 60 years old, and had been in poor health for several years.
Closely associated for the last decade with the black civil rights movement, Miss Jackson was chosen to sing at the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s March on Washington rally at the Lincoln Memorial in 1963.
"I been 'buked and I been scorned/ I'm gonna tell my Lord/ When I get home/ Just how long you've been treating me wrong," she sang in a full, rich contralto to the throng of 200,000 people as a preface to Dr. King's "I've got a dream" speech.
The song, which Dr. King had requested, came as much from Miss Jackson's heart as from her vocal cords. The granddaughter of a slave, she had struggled for years for fulfillment and for unprejudiced recognition of her talent.
She received the latter only belatedly with a Carnegie Hall debut in 1950. Her following, therefore, was largely in the black community, in the churches and among record collectors.
Although Miss Jackson's medium was the sacred song drawn from the Bible or inspired by it, the words--and the "soul" style in which they were delivered--became metaphors of black protest, Tony Heilbut, author of "The Gospel Sound" and her biographer, said yesterday. Among blacks, he went on, her favorites were "Move On Up a Little Higher," "Just Over the Hill" and "How I Got Over."
Singing these and other songs to black audiences, Miss Jackson was a woman on fire, whose combs flew out of her hair as she performed. She moved her listeners to dancing, to shouting, to ecstasy, Mr. Heilbut said. By contrast, he asserted, Miss Jackson's television style and her conduct before white audiences was far more placid and staid.