^ I read the above article and it was interesting.
A couple of observations ...
Fossil fuels provide/provided an energy with was easily transportable and could translate into easy (pollution causing) energy sources.
In the drive to replace fossil fuels, solutions will be more country specific, mainly because the climate and landscape changes dramatically across the globe.
for example ...
1/ Geo-thermal in Iceland.
2/ Solar Farms in the Northern Territory of Australia supplying Singapore.
3/Hydro electricity in Paraguay, supplying most of Paraguay's electricity and contributes for Brazil
4/ Wind Farm in China
5/ Green hydrogen
6/ Battery storage around the world
Expanded below ...