aluminum phosphide doesn't always smell like garlic. It can have no odor. (see Section 4, Precautionary Statements at http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/...eevil-cide.pdf) Place some pellets, tablets or gas bags in a room and create a lethal zone. The tablets are 16.5 mm in diameter.
Second Girl Dies in Apparent Pesticide Poisoning in Utah
Thu, Feb 11, 2010
Pesticide Toxicty
As reported here an elsewhere in the national media (although not loudly enough) two days ago, a 4-year-old girl died of apparent pesticide poisoning after her parents hired a company to rid their lawn of voles. On Tuesday, the girl’s 15-month-old sister also passed away.
The environmental and health community is aghast that the EPA ever allowed the pesticide in this case — Fumitoxin, or aluminum phosphide — to be registered for home use in the first place. The product releases a toxic gas, phosphine, that according to the EPA is not allowed to be used within 15 feet of a home.
When the tablets or granules of the product are dropped into a vole or mole hole in the lawn, however, it is virtually impossible to predict where the tunnels might lead underground. It is quite possible, in fact, that a tunnel originating 15 feet or more from the home could lead directly into the structure — thereby releasing the gas directly into the living area, which is apparently what happened in the Utah case.
(Beyond Pesticides, February 11, 2010) Investigators are tying the deaths of 4-year and 15-month old sisters in Layton, Utah to a pesticide that was used to kill voles, a small, burrowing rodent, in their family’s front yard. The 4-year-old, Rebecca Toone, died Saturday and her sister Rachel died on Tuesday after the family was hospitalized with flu-like symptoms then discharged. The girls went back to the hospital when they fell ill again after returning home. The cause of the deaths has not yet been determined, according to the Utah Medical Examiner’s Office, and toxicology tests are expected to take up to eight weeks to complete. However, investigators say that chemical may have wafted into the family’s home after an exterminator dropped Fumitoxin, aluminum phosphide, pellets in burrow holes in the lawn on Friday.
Aluminum phosphide is known to be highly acutely toxic when ingested or inhaled. Symptoms of mild to moderate acute exposure include nausea, abdominal pain, tightness in chest, excitement, restlessness, agitation and chills. Symptoms of more severe exposure include, diarrhea, cyanosis, difficulty breathing, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, tachycardia (rapid pulse) and hypotension (low blood pressure), dizziness and/or death.
Second Girl Dies in Apparent Pesticide Poisoning in Utah
"Aluminum phosphide is now perhaps the most common suicide agent in mid and northern India, where it is freely used as grain preservative and easily available over the counter. The toxic product, phosphine gas, is liberated on exposure to moisture. Phosphine is a systemic poison that causes severe congestion and evokes a significant inflammatory response. It is similar to cyanide, but acts slowly. It has been found to inhibit cytochrome oxidase, a respiratory chain enzyme. Systematic toxic effects appear 1–60 min after ingestion.Acute cardiovascular collapse is the most frequent mode of presentation, seen in 60%–100% of cases. There is a "dose-toxicity" and "dose-time to death" correlation. Even 1.5 g (1/2 tablet) can prove fatal within a few hours.
http://asianannals.ctsnetjournals.or.../full/16/4/298
Dead body of a female was brought for postmortem examination at the mortuary of New Civil Hospital, Surat. History revealed that her husband had given three tablets to her on the pretext that these tablets would help in the birth of a male child. She became ill soon after consuming the tablets and died within 12 hours of ingestion while under treatment. Autopsy revealed death from aluminium phosphide poisoning.
Indian Journals