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Middle East
KEBABBLE
Massacre leaves Turkey searching for answers
By Fazile Zahir

FETHIYE - Turkey is still searching for answers after the massacre this month of 44 people at a Kurdish wedding party, with the carnage being blamed alternately on a blood feud or a government program to arm militias set up to help combat Kurdish separatists in the area.

Cemil Celebi, the headman of Bilge, a small village in Mardin province near the Syrian border, had called for people from the surrounding area to gather on May 4 and celebrate his daughter's wedding. As is the custom in conservative Kurd villages, the women and children gathered in one room and the men in another.
Prayers were being led by the village imam when masked gunmen appeared at the doors and windows and opened fire on those inside with semi-automatic rifles.

The slaughter was indiscriminate, six children, 16 women - three of whom were pregnant - and 22 men were killed, while six others were injured. Almost everyone at the party was killed, including the bride, the groom and the imam who was presiding over the ceremony. Only one boy who hid beneath his brother's body and a young woman who hid beneath a bed survived unhurt.

In the days since, the Turkish media have been saturated with reports as people attempt to find an explanation for the bloodbath; many have been offered, but there are no definitive conclusions.

The eight people arrested and charged in connection with the murders, which include a 12-year-old boy, have simply said that they had to murder everyone so there would be no reprisals. They were all were all members of state-backed "Village Guard" units established to fight Kurdish separatism in Turkey's southeast, a position which gives them certain powers and government-issued weapons.

The fact that the some of their surnames are the same as those of the wedding party led to speculation that the attack was led by some of Celebi's cousins who had wanted his daughter to marry into their family. People are often killed in rural Turkey over "blood-for-blood" vendettas passed from generations over land disputes, grazing rights or matters of family honor.

According to Turkish television reports, there was an argument between the families in the 1990s that led to the death of one person, and Celebi's snub of the cousins' wedding proposal provoked them in the attack.

Others say the family feud was over land and point to the fact that women and children were slaughtered - under the normal "rules" of a blood feud, only men can be killed. Whatever the true reason, the attackers were not acting on impulse.

The gunmen had planted a young cousin with the guests who sent them a text message telling them when to come before he slipped away from the house. The attackers were all wearing ski masks and had left their government-issued guns at home. It is assumed they did this so investigators would think the outlawed terrorist organization the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK) was responsible.

Unfortunately for them, Cemil Celebi was able to name those he recognized to the police before he died.

Reported all over the world in the English-language press as a "massacre by pro-government militia", government officials have been quick to distance themselves from the actions of the men.

Interior Minister Besir Atalay told a press conference, "This can be understood as a blood feud between two families."

Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan was also quick to pin the blame on tribal customs, adding, "No kind of tradition can justify this killing, no conscience can justify this kind of pain."

President Abdullah Gul, not wanting to miss out on an opportunity to portray Kurds as retrogressive, said, "Such primitive cruelty that opens deep cuts in our conscience is inexplicable. Everybody should think seriously about tradition, blood feuds and animosity standing before human life."

But not all observers accept the government's blame on feuds and tradition. They are raising serious questions about the effects of the village guard scheme.

There are about 57,000 village guards throughout Turkey's southeast, part of a policy established in 1985 to protect villages against attacks from PKK guerrillas seeking an independent Kurdish homeland in southeast Turkey. The guards receive small arms from the government as well as wages and health benefits.

But since the militias were established, over 5,000 of the guards have been reportedly involved in land grabs, smuggling and violence. It appears that many of them abuse their positions and are happy to bully any unfortunate villagers who cross their path.

This, combined with the steady low-level war of attrition that has been fought in the Mardin area for decades, has desensitized some of its inhabitants to extreme violence, and the wedding massacre is the result, say some observers.

For those keen to dismiss the Kurds as "non-Turkish", it is a pessimistic interpretation that lays blame squarely at the feet of the state and the army's flawed policies in dealing with ethnic problems.

Criticism leveled at the village guard system seems to be borne out by previous incidents.

Only last June, 10 people were shot in the Mediterranean province of Adana when a gunman fired into a crowd. There the shooter was also a member of the local village guards, although on this occasion he did use the gun given to him by the Turkish army.

Senior government ministers have dodged questions relating to the village guard system and its effects, but they cannot avoid them forever. But it's not enough to simply shrug and say that these things happen among Kurds. One thing that is clear is that the survivors of the Bilge attack have a difficult road ahead of them, as justice, like a massacre, doesn't just happen.

Fazile Zahir is of Turkish descent, born and brought up in London. She moved to live in Turkey in 2005 and has been writing full time since then.

(Copyright 2009 Fazile Zahir.)




“No tradition, no custom can ever justify this massacre,” Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Tuesday.

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/06/wo...ef=global-home



Get the picture? Notice the treachery involved; an attempt to make it appear it was the act of the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK).

If they lived in Afghanistan or Iraq they could have called in a US air strike.





(I didn't realize the PKK was a communist organization. The commies are still busy. Busy busy beavers.)

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From the article:And so it goes on for centuries almost customary.